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-
- Frequently Asked Questions
-
- about the
-
- SAMBA Suite
-
- (FAQ version 1.9.02, Samba version 1.09.02)
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- This FAQ was originally prepared by Karl Auer (Karl.Auer@anu.edu.au) and is
- currently maintained by Paul Blackman (ictinus@lake.canberra.edu.au).
-
- As Karl originally said, 'this FAQ was prepared with lots of help from numerous
- net.helpers', and that's the way I'd like to keep it. So if you find anything
- that you think should be in here don't hesitate to contact me.
-
- Thanks to Karl for the work he's done, and continuing thanks to Andrew Tridgell
- for developing Samba.
-
- Note: This FAQ is (and probably always will be) under construction. Some
- sections exist only as optimistic entries in the Contents page.
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Contents
-
- * SECTION ONE: General information
- All about Samba - what it is, how to get it, related sources of
- information.
- * SECTION TWO: Compiling and installing Samba on a Unix host
- Common problems that arise when building and installing Samba under
- Unix.
- * SECTION THREE: Common client problems
- Common problems that arise when trying to communicate from a client
- computer to a Samba server. All problems which have symptoms you see
- at the client end will be in this section.
- * SECTION FOUR: Specific client problems
- This section covers problems that are specific to certain clients,
- such as Windows for Workgroups or Windows NT. Please check Section
- Three first!
- * SECTION FIVE: Specific client application problems
- This section covers problems that are specific to certain products,
- such as Windows for Workgroups or Windows NT. Please check Sections
- Three and Four first!
- * SECTION SIX: Miscellaneous
- All the questions that aren't classifiable into any other section.
-
-
- ===============================================================================
- SECTION ONE: General information
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 1: What is Samba?
-
- Samba is a suite of programs which work together to allow clients to access
- Unix filespace and printers via the SMB (Session Message Block) protocol.
-
- In practice, this means that you can redirect disks and printers to Unix disks
- and printers from Lan Manager clients, Windows for Workgroups 3.11 clients,
- Windows NT clients and OS/2 clients. There is also a Unix client program
- supplied as part of the suite which allows Unix users to use an ftp-like
- interface to access filespace and printers on any other SMB servers.
-
- The components of the suite are (in summary):
-
- * smbd, the SMB server. This handles actual connections from clients
- * nmbd, the Netbios name server, which helps clients locate servers
- * smbclient, the Unix-hosted client program
- * smbrun, a little 'glue' program to help the server run external
- programs
- * testprns, a program to test server access to printers
- * testparms, a program to test the Samba configuration file for
- correctness
- * smb.conf, the Samba configuration file
- * smbprint, a sample script to allow a Unix host to use smbclient to
- print to an SMB server
-
- The suite is supplied with full source (of course!) and is GPLed.
-
- The primary creator of the Samba suite is Andrew Tridgell. Later versions
- incorporate much effort by many net.helpers. The man pages and this FAQ were
- written by Karl Auer.
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 2: What is the current version of Samba?
-
- At time of writing, the current version was 1.9.12. If you want to be sure
- check the bottom of the change-log file.
- (nimbus.anu.edu.au/pub/tridge/samba/change-log)
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 3: Where can I get it?
-
- The Samba suite is available via anonymous ftp from nimbus.anu.edu.au. The
- latest and greatest versions of the suite are in the directory:
-
- /pub/tridge/samba/
-
- Development (read "alpha") versions, which are NOT necessarily stable and which
- do NOT necessarily have accurate documentation, are available in the directory:
-
- /pub/tridge/samba/alpha
-
- Note that binaries are NOT included in any of the above. Samba is distributed
- ONLY in source form, though binaries may be available from other sites. Recent
- versions of some Linux distributions, for example, do contain Samba binaries
- for that platform.
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 4: What platforms are supported?
-
- Many different platforms have run Samba successfully. The platforms most widely
- used and thus best tested are Linux and SunOS.
-
- At time of writing, the Makefile claimed support for:
-
- * SunOS
- * Linux with shadow passwords
- * Linux without shadow passwords
- * SOLARIS
- * SOLARIS 2.2 and above (aka SunOS 5)
- * SVR4
- * ULTRIX
- * OSF1 (alpha only)
- * OSF1 with NIS and Fast Crypt (alpha only)
- * OSF1 V2.0 Enhanced Security (alpha only)
- * AIX
- * BSDI
- * NetBSD
- * NetBSD 1.0
- * SEQUENT
- * HP-UX
- * SGI
- * SGI IRIX 4.x.x
- * SGI IRIX 5.x.x
- * FreeBSD
- * NeXT 3.2 and above
- * NeXT OS 2.x
- * NeXT OS 3.0
- * ISC SVR3V4 (POSIX mode)
- * ISC SVR3V4 (iBCS2 mode)
- * A/UX 3.0
- * SCO with shadow passwords.
- * SCO with shadow passwords, without YP.
- * SCO with TCB passwords
- * SCO 3.2v2 (ODT 1.1) with TCP passwords
- * intergraph
- * DGUX
- * Apollo Domain/OS sr10.3 (BSD4.3)
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 5: How can I find out more about Samba?
-
- There are two mailing lists devoted to discussion of Samba-related matters.
- There is also the newsgroup, comp.protocols.smb, which has a great deal of
- discussion on Samba.
-
- Send email to listproc@anu.edu.au. Make sure the subject line is blank, and
- include the following two lines in the body of the message:
-
- subscribe samba Firstname Lastname
- subscribe samba-announce Firstname Lastname
-
- Obviously you should substitute YOUR first name for "Firstname" and YOUR last
- name for "Lastname"! Try not to send any signature stuff, it sometimes confuses
- the list processor.
-
- The samba list is a digest list - every eight hours or so it regurgitates a
- single message containing all the messages that have been received by the list
- since the last time and sends a copy of this message to all subscribers.
-
- If you stop being interested in Samba, please send another email to
- listproc@anu.edu.au. Make sure the subject line is blank, and include the
- following two lines in the body of the message:
-
- unsubscribe samba
- unsubscribe samba-announce
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 6: Something's gone wrong - what should I do?
-
- [#] *** IMPORTANT! *** [#]
- DO NOT post messages on mailing lists or in newsgroups until you have carried
- out the first three steps given here!
-
- Firstly, see if there are any likely looking entries in this FAQ!
-
- Secondly, read the man pages for smbd, nmbd and smb.conf, looking for topics
- that relate to what you are trying to do.
-
- Thirdly, if there is no obvious solution to hand, try to get a look at the log
- files for smbd and/or nmbd for the period during which you were having
- problems. You may need to reconfigure the servers to provide more extensive
- debugging information - usually level 2 or level 3 provide ample debugging
- info. Inspect these logs closely, looking particularly for the string "Error:".
-
- If you successfully solve a problem, please mail me a succinct description of
- the symptom, the problem and the solution, so I can incorporate it in the next
- version of the FAQ.
-
-
- ===============================================================================
- SECTION TWO: Compiling and installing Samba on a Unix host
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-
- ===============================================================================
- SECTION THREE: Common client problems
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 1: I can't see the Samba server in any browse lists!
-
- *** Until the FAQ can be updated, please check the file:
- *** ftp://nimbus.anu.adu.au/pub/tridge/samba/BROWSING.txt
- *** for more information on browsing.
-
- If your GUI client does not permit you to select non-browsable servers, you may
- need to do so on the command line. For example, under Lan Manager you might
- connect to the above service as disk drive M: thusly:
-
- net use M: \\mary\fred
-
- The details of how to do this and the specific syntax varies from client to
- client - check your client's documentation.
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 2: Some files that I KNOW are on the server doesn't show up when I view the
- directories from my client!
-
- If you check what files are not showing up, you will note that they are files
- which contain upper case letters or which are otherwise not DOS-compatible (ie,
- they are not legal DOS filenames for some reason).
-
- The Samba server can be configured either to ignore such files completely, or
- to present them to the client in "mangled" form. If you are not seeing the
- files at all, the Samba server has most likely been configured to ignore them.
- Consult the man page smb.conf(5) for details of how to change this - the
- parameter you need to set is "mangled names = yes".
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 3: Some files on the server show up with really wierd filenames when I view
- the directories from my client!
-
- If you check what files are showing up wierd, you will note that they are files
- which contain upper case letters or which are otherwise not DOS-compatible (ie,
- they are not legal DOS filenames for some reason).
-
- The Samba server can be configured either to ignore such files completely, or
- to present them to the client in "mangled" form. If you are seeing strange file
- names, they are most likely "mangled". If you would prefer to have such files
- ignored rather than presented in "mangled" form, consult the man page
- smb.conf(5) for details of how to change the server configuration - the
- parameter you need to set is "mangled names = no".
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 4: My client reports "cannot locate specified computer" or similar.
-
- This indicates one of three things: You supplied an incorrect server name, the
- underlying TCP/IP layer is not working correctly, or the name you specified
- cannot be resolved.
-
- After carefully checking that the name you typed is the name you should have
- typed, try doing things like pinging a host or telnetting to somewhere on your
- network to see if TCP/IP is functioning OK. If it is, the problem is most
- likely name resolution.
-
- If your client has a facility to do so, hardcode a mapping between the hosts IP
- and the name you want to use. For example, with Man Manager or Windows for
- Workgroups you would put a suitable entry in the file LMHOSTS. If this works,
- the problem is in the communication between your client and the netbios name
- server. If it does not work, then there is something fundamental wrong with
- your naming and the solution is beyond the scope of this document.
-
- If you do not have any server on your subnet supplying netbios name resolution,
- hardcoded mappings are your only option. If you DO have a netbios name server
- running (such as the Samba suite's nmbd program), the problem probably lies in
- the way it is set up. Refer to Section Two of this FAQ for more ideas.
-
- By the way, remember to REMOVE the hardcoded mapping before further tests :-)
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 5: My client reports "cannot locate specified share name" or similar.
-
- This message indicates that your client CAN locate the specified server, which
- is a good start, but that it cannot find a service of the name you gave.
-
- The first step is to check the exact name of the service you are trying to
- connect to (consult your system administrator). Assuming it exists and you
- specified it correctly (read your client's doco on how to specify a service
- name correctly), read on:
-
- * Many clients cannot accept or use service names longer than eight
- characters.
- * Many clients cannot accept or use service names containing spaces.
- * Some servers (not Samba though) are case sensitive with service names.
- * Some clients force service names into upper case.
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 6: My client reports "cannot find domain controller", "cannot log on to the
- network" or similar.
-
- Nothing is wrong - Samba does not implement the primary domain name controller
- stuff for several reasons, including the fact that the whole concept of a
- primary domain controller and "logging in to a network" doesn't fit well with
- clients possibly running on multiuser machines (such as users of smbclient
- under Unix).
-
- Seeing this message should not affect your ability to mount redirected disks
- and printers, which is really what all this is about.
-
- For many clients (including Windows for Workgroups and Lan Manager), setting
- the domain to STANDALONE at least gets rid of the message.
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 7: Printing doesn't work :-(
-
- Make sure that the specified print command for the service you are connecting
- to is correct and that it has a fully-qualified path (eg., use "/usr/bin/lpr"
- rather than just "lpr").
-
- Make sure that the spool directory specified for the service is writable by the
- user connected to the service. In particular the user "nobody" often has
- problems with printing, even if it worked with an earlier version of Samba. Try
- creating another guest user other than "nobody".
-
- Make sure that the user specified in the service is permitted to use the
- printer.
-
- Check the debug log produced by smbd. Search for the printer name and see if
- the log turns up any clues. Note that error messages to do with a service ipc$
- are meaningless - they relate to the way the client attempts to retrieve status
- information when using the LANMAN1 protocol.
-
- If using WfWg then you need to set the default protocol to TCP/IP, not Netbeui.
- This is a WfWg bug.
-
- If using the Lanman1 protocol (the default) then try switching to coreplus.
- Also not that print status error messages don't mean printing won't work. The
- print status is received by a different mechanism.
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 8: My programs install on the server OK, but refuse to work properly.
-
- There are numerous possible reasons for this, but one MAJOR possibility is that
- your software uses locking. Make sure you are using Samba 1.6.11 or later. It
- may also be possible to work around the problem by setting "locking=no" in the
- Samba configuration file for the service the software is installed on. This
- should be regarded as a strictly temporary solution.
-
- In earlier Samba versions there were some difficulties with the very latest
- Microsoft products, particularly Excel 5 and Word for Windows 6. These should
- have all been solved. If not then please let Andrew Tridgell know.
-
-
- ===============================================================================
- SECTION FOUR: Specific client problems
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- * 1: Are any MacIntosh clients for Samba.
-
- In Rob Newberry's words (rob@eats.com, Sun, 4 Dec 1994):
-
- The answer is "No." Samba speaks SMB, the protocol used for Microsoft networks.
- The Macintosh has ALWAYS spoken Appletalk. Even with Microsoft "services for
- Macintosh", it has been a matter of making the server speak Appletalk. It is
- the same for Novell Netware and the Macintosh, although I believe Novell has
- (VERY LATE) released an extension for the Mac to let it speak IPX.
-
- In future Apple System Software, you may see support for other protocols, such
- as SMB -- Applet is working on a new networking architecture that will make it
- easier to support additional protocols. But it's not here yet.
-
- Now, the nice part is that if you want your Unix machine to speak Appletalk,
- there are several options. "Netatalk" and "CAP" are free, and available on the
- net. There are also several commercial options, such as "PacerShare" and
- "Helios" (I think). In any case, you'll have to look around for a server, not
- anything for the Mac.
-
- Depending on you OS, some of these may not help you. I am currently
- coordinating the effort to get CAP working with Native Ethertalk under Linux,
- but we're not done yet.
-
- Rob
-
-
- ===============================================================================
- SECTION FIVE: Specific client application problems
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-
- ===============================================================================
- SECTION SIX: Miscellaneous
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- Maintained By Paul Blackman, Email:ictinus@lake.canberra.edu.au
-
-
-